Institutional References
> European Climate Adaptation Platform Climate-ADAPT
The European Climate Adaptation Platform Climate-ADAPT is a partnership between the European Commission and the European Environment Agency (EEA). Climate-ADAPT is maintained by the EEA with the support of the European Topic Centre on Climate Change Impacts, Vulnerability and Adaptation (ETC/CCA).
Climate-ADAPT aims to support Europe in adapting to climate change helping users to access and share data and information on:
– Expected climate change in Europe Current and future vulnerability of regions and sectors EU, national and transnational adaptation strategies and actions
– Adaptation case studies and potential adaptation options
– Tools that support adaptation planning
Climate-ADAPT organizes information under the following main entry points:
– EU Policy: EU Adaptation Policy, Adaptation in EU Policy Sectors (Agriculture, Biodiversity, Coastal areas, Forestry, Water management, Marine and fisheries, Ecosystem-based Approaches, Disaster Risk Reduction, Buildings, Energy, Transport, Health, Urban), EU Regional Policy,Countries, Transnational regions, Cities
– Knowledge: Topics, Data and indicators, Research projects, Tools, Practice
– Networks
The platform includes a database that contains quality checked information that can be easily searched.
> European Commission Directorate-General for Climate Action (DG CLIMA)
The Directorate-General for Climate Action (“DG CLIMA”) was established in February 2010, climate change being previously included in the remit of DG Environment of the European Commission. It leads international negotiations on climate, helps the EU to deal with the consequences of climate change and to meet its targets for 2020. It aims to make adaptation to climate change a priority of all EU-level policies and coordinates EU adaptation policies.
In April 2013 the European Commission adopted the EU strategy on adaptation to climate change which has been welcomed by the EU Member States. The strategy aims to make Europe more climate-resilient. By taking a coherent approach and providing for improved coordination, it will enhance the preparedness and capacity of all governance levels to respond to the impacts of climate change.
DG CLIMA coordinates the work on Climate-Adapt.
> Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was established in 1988 by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) to provide policymakers with regular assessments of the scientific basis of climate change, its impacts and future risks, and options for adaptation and mitigation. The IPCC provides scientific and technical input for implementation of the Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
The reports are grouped in three working groups – Working Group I: the Physical Science Basis; Working Group II: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability; and Working Group III: Mitigation of Climate Change – and the Task Force on National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (TFI). As part of the IPCC, a Task Group on Data and Scenario Support for Impact and Climate Analysis (TGI).
> United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
In 1992 countries joined an international treaty, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), to cooperatively consider what they could do to limit average global temperature increases and the resulting climate change, and to cope with whatever impacts were, by then, inevitable. Preventing “dangerous” human interference with the climate system is the ultimate aim of the UNFCCC. The UNFCCC entered into force on 21 March 1994. Today, it has near-universal membership. The 195 countries that have ratified the Convention are called Parties to the Convention. UNFCCC official website supports arrangements for meetings organised under the Framework Convention on Climate Change. It aims to transmit official documents and reports, and to assist Parties in communicating other information related to the Convention.
The UNFCCC webpages on adaptation highlight the range of issues that are being addressed by Parties under the various Convention bodies, including:
– The Cancun Adaptation Framework, which resulted from negotiations on enhanced action on adaptation as part of the Bali Action Plan under the Ad-hoc Working Group on Long-Term Cooperative Action under the Convention (AWG-LCA) Nairobi work programme on impacts, vulnerability and adaptation to climate change, development and transfer of technologies, research and systematic observation under the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA)
– Issues related to implementing, including national adaptation programmes of action (NAPAs), and supporting adaptation through finance, technology and capacity-building under the Subsidiary Body for Implementation (SBI).
Successful adaptation not only depends on governments but also on the active and sustained engagement of stakeholders (Nairobi work programme), including national, regional, multilateral and international organizations, the public and private sectors (private sector initiative), civil society and other relevant stakeholders.
> PROVIA – Programme of Research on Climate Change Vulnerability, Impacts and Adaptation
The Programme of Research on Climate Change Vulnerability, Impacts and Adaptation (PROVIA) is a global initiative that aims to provide direction and coherence at the international level for research on vulnerability, impacts and adaptation (VIA). Launched with the support of leading scientists and decision-makers, PROVIA responds to the urgent call by the scientific community for a more cohesive and coordinated approach, and the critical need to harmonize, mobilize, and communicate the growing knowledge-base on VIA. The PROVIA Secretariat is currently hosted by UNEP in Nairobi.
> Copernicus Climate Change Service
Copernicus is the European Union’s Earth Observation Programme. It consists of a complex set of systems that collect data from multiple sources: earth observation satellites and in situ sensors such as ground stations, airborne and sea-borne sensors. Copernicus processes these data and provides users with information through a set of services that address six thematic areas: land, marine, atmosphere, climate change, emergency management and security.
Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) provides climate change services that support European climate policies and actions, contributing to building a European society with more resilience against a human-induced changing climate.
> European Topic Centre on Climate Change Impacts, Vulnerability and Adaptation (ETC/CCA)
The European Topic Centre on Climate Change Impacts, Vulnerability and Adaptation (ETC/CCA) is an international consortium working with the European Environment Agency under a framework partnership agreement for the period 2019-2021.
In 2019-2021, the ETC/CCA Consortium is made up of 15 partner organisations from EEA member countries The lead institution for ETC/CCA is the Italian Fondazione CMCC, Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici.
The ETC/CCA activities on climate change, impacts, vulnerability, adaptation and disaster risk reduction include:
– harmonisation, quality assessment and exchange of data and/or information;
– processing of climate-related information, including use of models, mapping, analyses, evaluations and (thematic, sectoral and integrated) assessments to describe and analyse the status of the environment in support to sound policy decision making;
– update, improvement and development of indicators to communicate the findings to various users;
– content maintenance, improvement and further development of Climate-ADAPT;
– provision of capacity building in EEA countries.
The Covenant of Mayors initiative aims to engage and support cities and towns to commit to reaching the EU climate mitigation and adaptation targets. Signatory cities pledge action to support implementation of the EU 40% greenhouse gas-reduction target by 2030 and the adoption of a joint approach to tackling mitigation and adaptation to climate change.
The Covenant of Mayors was launched in 2008 in Europe with the ambition to gather local governments voluntarily committed to achieving and exceeding the EU climate and energy targets. In 2014, Mayors Adapt – the Covenant of Mayors Initiative on Climate Change Adaptation – was set up by the European Commission as one of the actions of the EU Adaptation Strategy to engage cities in taking action to adapt to climate change. The European Commission merged the two initiatives in 2015 in an effort to promote an integrated approach to climate and energy action. In June 2016, the Covenant of Mayors joined forces with another city initiative, the Compact of Mayors. The resulting “Global Covenant of Mayors for Climate and Energy” is the world’s largest movement for local climate and energy actions. In future, the third pillar of the initiative – energy poverty – will be further developed and strengthened.
The Covenant of Mayors for Climate and Energy aims to increase support for local activities, provide a platform for greater engagement and networking by cities, and raise public awareness about adaptation and mitigation and the measures needed.
To help bring this about, this initiative by the European Commission offers signatories:
– practical support through dedicated helpdesks;
– innovative ways to network and collaborate, exchange experiences and build capacity through regular events, city twinning activities, webinars or online discussions;
– guidance material and tools, including the Urban Adaptation Support Tooland guidance on financing local energy and climate action;
– quick access to excellence know-how, good practices and lessons learned through inspiring case studies;
– a flexible reference framework for action, adaptable to local needs;
– facilitated self-assessment and peer-to-peer exchange through common reporting and monitoring template;
– credible commitments through progress review by the Joint Research Center of the European Commission;
– enhanced cooperation and support from national and subnational authorities;
– high international recognition and visibility for the local authority’s climate and energy action;
– an opportunity to contribute to shaping the EU’s climate and energy policy, e.g. through the Covenant political board.
> ERA-NET Cofund for Climate Services
The ERA-NET Consortium “European Research Area for Climate Services”, so-called ERA4CS, has been designed to boost the development of efficient Climate Services in Europe, by supporting research for developing better tools, methods and standards on how to produce, transfer, communicate and use reliable climate information to cope with current and future climate variability.
UN Climate Change Learning Partnership (UN CC: Learn)
The One UN Climate Change Learning Partnership (UN CC: Learn) is a joint initiative of more than 30 multilateral organizations helping countries to achieve climate change action both through general climate literacy and applied skills development. UN CC: Learn provides strategic advice and quality learning resources to help people, governments and businesses to understand, adapt, and build resilience to climate change. UN CC: Learn is supported by the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC).
The Secretariat for UN CC: Learn is provided by the United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR).
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Climate Change Adaptation
UNDP’s climate change adaptation works across six signature programmes to support vulnerable communities in building resilience to climate change. The UNDP Climate Change Adaptation Portal is a knowledge-sharing platform that highlights UNDP-supported climate adaptation projects around the world. We share information on country-led programmes and projects financed by the Global Environment Facility Least Developed Country Fund (LDCF), Special Climate Change Fund (SCCF), Green Climate Fund, Adaptation Fund (AF), bi-lateral donors and through decentralized cooperation supported by UNDP’s Down to Earth: Territorial Approach to Climate Change (TACC) project.
World Health Organization (WHO)
The WHO secretariat, and through its country and regional offices, supports the development of a range of materials and activities which can raise awareness and build the capacity of UN staff, health professionals, multi-sectoral actors, and the general public to better understand and prevent negative impacts of climate change on health. WHO produces a range of policy briefings, scientific articles, factsheets, bulletins, and formal training opportunities on climate and health.
Global Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet
The mission of “Global Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet” is to provide the public with accurate and timely news and information about Earth’s changing climate, along with current data and visualizations, presented from the unique perspective of NASA, one of the world’s leading climate research agencies.